CompTIA Network+ Practice Test

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What does the 802.1Q standard add to Ethernet frames?

A VLAN header
A routing header
A data compression header
An encryption header

The correct answer is: A VLAN header

The 802.1Q standard specifically introduces a VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) header to Ethernet frames. This enhancement is crucial for network segmentation, enabling the same physical network infrastructure to support multiple logical networks. By adding a VLAN header, the standard allows for the identification of VLANs, which helps in directing traffic appropriately and maintaining separation between different network segments. The VLAN header provides important information such as the VLAN identifier (VID), which is a unique number allocated to each VLAN. This capability allows switches to manage and route traffic based on VLAN membership, improving security and reducing broadcast traffic across the network. The other options do not apply to the modifications made by 802.1Q. A routing header is typically used in networking to direct IP packets across different networks, while a data compression header is associated with methods that reduce the size of data for efficient transmission. An encryption header deals with securing data during transmission, but these features are not part of what 802.1Q implements within Ethernet frames.